function readOnly(count){ }
Starting November 20, the site will be set to read-only. On December 4, 2023,
forum discussions will move to the Trailblazer Community.
+ Start a Discussion
Newbie_edmNewbie_edm 

Why we need test class to deploy Apex code from Sandbox to prod?

Guys,

I need to deploy code from Sandbox to prod, This is the first time I am going to do this, wondering why we need test class to deploy Apex code in production, can you guys give me some sample test class code?
Thanks

 
PaqsPaqs
Hi Venkat,

Having test coverage for your code is really important, as it ensures that you have validated all possible scenarios and helps to confirm, when other people make changes, that it doesn't break your code functionality.

The main components of a good apex test should have:

@isTest decorator (shy away from using SeeAllData=true [default is =false])
@TestSetup method to create and setup data that will be used in the context of every test cases without having to recreate all the time
Test.StartTest() before your actual test code so that you can determine the context for the governor limits of your test case
<Code for Your TestCases> which should have:
  • Positive tests: those that work as the functionality of your code expects it
  • Negative tests: those that test the limits and exceptions (ex: put a string where an integer is expected)
  • System.assert() statements, that confirm your expected values, match your actual values
Test.StopTest() after your actual test code so that you can test the results of asynchronous processes like batches and close the governor limits context for your tests.
Use system.runAs to validate with different profiles (System Admins, Regular users, Partners, etc...)

For more details, check out this link: 
https://developer.salesforce.com/page/An_Introduction_to_Apex_Code_Test_Methods

Good luck

Note: If you believe this answers your question, help me by marking my answer as best answer to let me know.
Amit Chaudhary 8Amit Chaudhary 8
Please check below post to learn test classes.
1) http://amitsalesforce.blogspot.in/search/label/Test%20Class
2) http://amitsalesforce.blogspot.in/2015/06/best-practice-for-test-classes-sample.html

Please follow below salesforce Best Practice for Test Classes :-

1. Test class must start with @isTest annotation if class class version is more than 25
2. Test environment support @testVisible , @testSetUp as well
3. Unit test is to test particular piece of code working properly or not .
4. Unit test method takes no argument ,commit no data to database ,send no email ,flagged with testMethod keyword .
5. To deploy to production at-least 75% code coverage is required
6. System.debug statement are not counted as a part of apex code limit.
7. Test method and test classes are not counted as a part of code limit
9. We should not focus on the  percentage of code coverage ,we should make sure that every use case should covered including positive, negative,bulk and single record .
Single Action -To verify that the the single record produces the correct an expected result .
Bulk action -Any apex record trigger ,class or extension must be invoked for 1-200 records .
Positive behavior : Test every expected behavior occurs through every expected permutation , i,e user filled out every correctly data and not go past the limit .
Negative Testcase :-Not to add future date , Not to specify negative amount.
Restricted User :-Test whether a user with restricted access used in your code .
10. Test class should be annotated with @isTest .
11 . @isTest annotation with test method  is equivalent to testMethod keyword .
12. Test method should static and no void return type .
13. Test class and method default access is private ,no matter to add access specifier .
14. classes with @isTest annotation can't be a interface or enum .
15. Test method code can't be invoked by non test request .
16. Stating with salesforce API 28.0 test method can not reside inside non test classes .
17. @Testvisible annotation to make visible private methods inside test classes.
18. Test method can not be used to test web-service call out . Please use call out mock .
19. You can't  send email from test method.
20.User, profile, organization, AsyncApexjob, Corntrigger, RecordType, ApexClass, ApexComponent ,ApexPage we can access without (seeAllData=true) .
21. SeeAllData=true will not work for API 23 version eailer .
22. Accessing static resource test records in test class e,g List<Account> accList=Test.loadData(Account,SobjectType,'ResourceName').
23. Create TestFactory class with @isTest annotation to exclude from organization code size limit .
24. @testSetup to create test records once in a method  and use in every test method in the test class .
25. We can run unit test by using Salesforce Standard UI,Force.com IDE ,Console ,API.
26. Maximum number of test classes run per 24 hour of period is  not grater of 500 or 10 multiplication of test classes of your organization.
27. As apex runs in system mode so the permission and record sharing are not taken into account . So we need to use system.runAs to enforce record sharing .
28. System.runAs will not enforce user permission or field level permission .
29. Every test to runAs count against the total number of DML issued in the process .


Please let us know if this post will help you
Newbie_edmNewbie_edm
Thanks Guys, 

Can we deploy apex code without test class using change set?

 
Amit Chaudhary 8Amit Chaudhary 8
You can deploy only if production code coverage is more then 75% including new class also. Other wise you will get code coverage error.
Its always good to create test class for every class and triggere and deploy together