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anil Kumaranil Kumar 

Record Types

What is the difference between Record Types and page layout?

Regards,
Anil Kumar
PratikPratik (Salesforce Developers) 
Hi Anil,

Recordtypes controls the diffrent values to show in picklist and it controls which pagelayout to be shown as per the profile.

You can refer to this post.
https://success.salesforce.com/answers?id=90630000000gn2zAAA

Thanks,
Pratik
Vijay NagarathinamVijay Nagarathinam
Hi Anil,

you can refer this post to get some idea about your question.

http://www.salesforcetutorial.com/page-layouts-and-record-types-in-salesforce/
nbknbk
Below are the differences for Record type and Page layouts.

Record Types used to show to different picklist values as well as different layouts based on the critieria. For example you have the Record Types for Account object and based on the selection of the Record type you are navigating to different page layouts.

Typically Accounts tab->Click on New  button->option to select the record type and navigate to page layout.
For picklist control ex: the orginal picklist have 10 items (a1,a2...a10), based on the user we will contol/show the items (a1,a2) 

Page Layouts:

The page layouts have set of sections/fileds/related list/buttons..etc, this is eaiser way to configure the fields/sections ..etc as per user needs.

Hoep this helps